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CSS Pseudo-Element

CSS

CSS pseudo-elements are keywords that are used to style a specific, abstract part of an element when combined with selectors.

CSS pseudo-element

➔ CSS pseudo-elements are used to select a specific, abstract part of an element with a selector and apply CSS to that part.

➔ These are marked with a double colon (::), such as ::before or ::after.

Common CSS Pseudo-elements.


Pseudo-classes can be divided into several categories based on their functionality.

  • ::before{} Inserts generated content before the existing content of an element.
  • ::after:{} Inserts generated content after the existing content of an element.
  • ::first-letter{} Styles the first letter of a text.
  • ::first-line{} Style only the first line of text.
  • ::selection{} Styles the color and background of the selected text.
  • ::placeholder{} Styles placeholder text in form input fields and text areas.
  • ::marker{} Styles the automatically generated markers of list items.

Syntax

selector::pseudo-element-name {CSS properties};

Syntax description.

Value Description
selector Specifies any CSS selector. Such as div, a, input, etc.
:pseudo-element-name Specifies any CSS pseudo-element.
For example ::before{}, ::after{}, ::first-letter{} etc.
CSS properties Specifies any CSS property enclosed in {},
such as {color: #fff;background-color: red;}
p::first-letter {
    font-size: 2em;
    color: red;
}
p::selection {
    background-color: yellow;
    color: black;
}
input::placeholder {
    color: gray;
    opacity: 1;
}

Example

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
    <meta charset="utf-8" />
    <title>CSS pseudo-class example</title>
    <style>
        p::first-letter {
            font-size: 2em;
            color: red;
        }
        p::selection {
            background-color: magenta;
            color: black;
        }
        input::placeholder {
            color: pink;
            opacity: 1;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <input type="text" placeholder="Enter Name">
    <h3>CSS pseudo-element example</h3>
    <p>Note ::first-letter{} Styles the first letter of a text.</p>
    <p>Note ::selection{} Styles the color and background of the selected text.</p>
    <p>Note ::placeholder{} Styles placeholder text in form input fields and text areas.</p>
</body>
</html>
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